Russian Treachery and US connivance cost China's lost of Outer Mongolia
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In the 1920s after the Boshevik Revolution which toppled the Zarist imperial goverinment Lenin announced that Russia would return to China all Chinese lands that imperial Russia had taken from China illegally through the unequal treaties from 1800s to 1890s. However Lenin's premature death in 1925 changed the whole scenario. Stalin the next Boshevik ldictator did not intend to honour Lenin's promise.
In the intervening years after the First World War from 1918 to 1930s China was in total choas and turmoil.with no strong Central Government . Many Chinese provinces were under the shaky control of various warlords which were more probably bandit chiefs.Japan was attacking and invading China with brutal aggression. Chiang Kai Shek's KMT and Mao Tse-tung's CCP were in intense struggle for power to govern China.
During these tumultuous years Stalin took advantage of choas in China to encroach on the Chinese province of Outer Mongolia . Stalin sent his troops into Outer Mongolia purportedly to help preserve peace and order but actually with the sinister objective of instigating Outer Mongolia to secede from China.
During the Sino-Japanese War Mao's CCP and Chiang's KMT signed an agreement in 1936 to join forces against the Japanese. Chiang had the full backing of America.Mao had only lip service support from Stalin who had been scheming against China and betraying China by stabbing her on the back.
By the end of 1944, Germany was on the verge of defeat and US and its allied leaders shifted their strategic focus to Japan . US invited USSR which had a Neutrality Pact with Japan to join in the war against Japan.
To fix the terms of the Soviet entry into the Pacific War a meeting was arranged for Roosevelt , Churchill and Stalin to meet in Yalta in February, 1945. China was not included in this meeting for reasons only the allied leaders would know.
The exact terms of the Yalta Agreement was kept from Chiang who was not invited to the meeting at Yalta.Besides agreeing to Stalin's demand for restoration to Russia the Sakhalin and Kurile Islands,and special influential rights in Manchuria , Roosevelt and Churchill also agreed to Russia's special influence in the Chinese Province of Outer Mongolia..
Since many of the terms and conditions involved the sovereignty of China which was not represented at the Yalta Conference, Roosevelt took the responsibility to secure Chiang's approval of these terms which were anathema to China's interests.
Chiang sent his brother-in-law T.V. Soong to Moscow to work out an agreement with Stalin. Stalin offered Chiang a thirty year treaty of friendship and alliance against future Japanese aggression. He promised to support only Chiang as the leader of China and that Russia would not support Mao's CCP.. He also promised to withdraw Soviet troops from Manchuria in two or three months after Japan's surrender. In return he demanded Chiang to grantUSSR many vital concessions in Manchuria, the right to station Russian naval and air force3s in a military zone including Port Arthur, Dairen and ownership of the manchuria railways and connected enterprises. Stalin also demanded Chiang's recognition of the independence of Outer Mongolia.. T.V. Soong was forced to sign the agreement on 14th August, 1945, failing which Stalin threatened to hand over Manchuria to Mao's CCP.
After the agreement was signed Stalin promised to give the Chinese Central Government under Chiang, moral, military and material aid, Russia would respect Chinese sovereignty in Manchuria and refrain from intervention in Sinkiang and to acknowledge the political independence and territorial integrity of Outer Mongolia by means of a plebiscite to be undertaken under Russia's control.
The treaty was a heavy cost to China's interest and yet Chiang signed it as he felt assured and secure that least Russia was extending to him full support and not supporting Chairman Mao's Communist Party - CCP..
Throughout thid period Chairman Mao and the CCP was kept in the dark and was not aware of the fraud and deceit Stalin had imposed on Chiang.
Russia carried out a plebiscite in 1946 in Outer Mongolia to determine if the province wanted to continue as part of China or as a separate independent state.. Since the plebiscite was under full Russian control it was obvious the result was directed by Russia to opt for full independence from China..
It must be noted before the plebiscite Russia had earlier cut off a big chunk of land from Outer Mongolia and annexed to Russia under the name of Tannu Tuva.. Chairman Mao and China'sm CCP had never recognized the illicit deal that Stalin conducted with traitor Chiang at China's enormous expense.
In his visit to Moscow in 16th December, 1949 , Chairman Mao and Premier Zhou En Lai raised the Outer Mongolia matter with Russia but Stalin couldn't care at all and just ignored Mao with insult.
China lost the province of Outer Mongolia all because of the treachery of Russia, and UK who used Chinese territories to ttrade terms for Russia's entry into the Pacific War against Japan.. This is one huge insult and humiliation waiting to be redeemed by China in future.
Southernglory1
Thursday,28th September,2017
9/27/2017
Western Democracy
It seems Western Democracy had its birth in Athens during the time of Plato and Aristotle. The system has been widely practised in western countries for hundreds of years. If we examine Western Democracy system which has spread like a disease to all ex-colonial countries we can see a lot of flaws and fraud in the system .
There are actually too many flaws and possible loop holes for frauds in the system to enumerate. Suffice to say Western Democracy is always hijacked by men of disputable characters . In short they are mostly monopolised by crooks and scoundrels who camouflaged themselves in respectable outer outlook of resplendent coats and ties.
Take for example the American Republicans and the Democrats. Aren't the two parties two sides of the same coin. They both practise the same ideologies and same doctrines and serve the same agenda. The only is difference is that the leaders in each party are fighting to be the leader or leaders of the country . As leaders many of them will pretentiously claim to fight for the people and the country but with most of them actually having secret agenda for their own benefit or selfish ends. How many of the populace have noticed that many of these political leaders after serving one or two terms in office they can live comfortably as millionaires or even billionaires which they were not in the position to do so.before.
Asia style western based democracy is even more advance. Once the party is in power it will enact laws and regulations to entrench itself in permanent power .
Actually it would be nice if all parties sincerely work for the people and the country and not for their own benefit. If that can really happen it would be beautiful and graceful for the winning party leadership to invite and incorporate some talented good character opposition leaders as members of the government. So there will be no need to demonise each other to amuse the voters except on arguments base on logic and facts.
I am actually quite ignorant and confused about western democracy which people may be amused or abused when election comes all potential candidates will be barking at each other unashamely before the people like wild dogs and hyenas. I suppose the political aspirants do not mind the hassle for once elected they can live a luxurious life of glory and comfort and the people can easily forget about their promises.
I would be pleased if netizens can contribute their knowledge about the pros and cons of western democracy to enlighten the people.
Southernglory1
Wednesday, 27th September, 2017
There are actually too many flaws and possible loop holes for frauds in the system to enumerate. Suffice to say Western Democracy is always hijacked by men of disputable characters . In short they are mostly monopolised by crooks and scoundrels who camouflaged themselves in respectable outer outlook of resplendent coats and ties.
Take for example the American Republicans and the Democrats. Aren't the two parties two sides of the same coin. They both practise the same ideologies and same doctrines and serve the same agenda. The only is difference is that the leaders in each party are fighting to be the leader or leaders of the country . As leaders many of them will pretentiously claim to fight for the people and the country but with most of them actually having secret agenda for their own benefit or selfish ends. How many of the populace have noticed that many of these political leaders after serving one or two terms in office they can live comfortably as millionaires or even billionaires which they were not in the position to do so.before.
Asia style western based democracy is even more advance. Once the party is in power it will enact laws and regulations to entrench itself in permanent power .
Actually it would be nice if all parties sincerely work for the people and the country and not for their own benefit. If that can really happen it would be beautiful and graceful for the winning party leadership to invite and incorporate some talented good character opposition leaders as members of the government. So there will be no need to demonise each other to amuse the voters except on arguments base on logic and facts.
I am actually quite ignorant and confused about western democracy which people may be amused or abused when election comes all potential candidates will be barking at each other unashamely before the people like wild dogs and hyenas. I suppose the political aspirants do not mind the hassle for once elected they can live a luxurious life of glory and comfort and the people can easily forget about their promises.
I would be pleased if netizens can contribute their knowledge about the pros and cons of western democracy to enlighten the people.
Southernglory1
Wednesday, 27th September, 2017
9/26/2017
F - 1 More Good Years
More good years for who? For the foreigners to bring their cars to run on our roads and to make profits from it while our taxpayers are paying for it? During the last few sessions of negotiation it was evident that F 1 was desperate for Singapore to host this event. They could not find a more hospitable , convenient and comfortable location for this event. It was like a die die they must hold it here.
Now would this give Singapore an advantage in the negotiation to cut a better deal to Singapore's advantage? Would Singapore negotiate for a share of the revenue from the event by working on the cost from each party and apportion the revenue proportionately ? Or would Singapore still be made to bear the $150m for the 3 night event? So far nothing was said of the new terms and agreements . Did Singapore get a better deal this time or again it is OPM, never mind, just spend , who cares? What is in it for Singapore to host this event for another 4 years and what is the cost to Singapore ? Any real returns other than the intangibles? Can there be more transparency on this as hundreds of millions of public money is being spent on this event.
Posted by Chua Chin Leng Aka Redbean
Tuesday, 26th September, 2017
Now would this give Singapore an advantage in the negotiation to cut a better deal to Singapore's advantage? Would Singapore negotiate for a share of the revenue from the event by working on the cost from each party and apportion the revenue proportionately ? Or would Singapore still be made to bear the $150m for the 3 night event? So far nothing was said of the new terms and agreements . Did Singapore get a better deal this time or again it is OPM, never mind, just spend , who cares? What is in it for Singapore to host this event for another 4 years and what is the cost to Singapore ? Any real returns other than the intangibles? Can there be more transparency on this as hundreds of millions of public money is being spent on this event.
Posted by Chua Chin Leng Aka Redbean
Tuesday, 26th September, 2017
Two Chinese legends that reflect the Chinese spirit of hard work and Perseverance
Two Chinese legends that reflect the indomitable hard working spirit and perseverance of the Chinese people are Yu-Kong Yu-San and Jing Wei Niow. If there are shortcomings in these articles I beg for forgiveness and hope netizens can contribute more to these articles with their knowledgeable comments.
These two legends are selected because they have strong implications of the present hardworking spirit and perseverance of the Chinese people not only in China but also in Sinngapore and throughout the four corners of the earth.
The first legend is "Yu-Kong Yu-San". It is about a foolish old man trying to move the mountain in his village so that he could have more land for cultivation. People laughed at him saying it was impossible for him to move the mountain. However, the old man ignored them and continued to chip at the mountain spade by spade for days and weeks and months and years. People said how could he move the mountain since he was so old. The old man replied that when he died his sons would continue on the job and when his sons died their children and grandchildren would carry on from generation to generation until the mountain is levelled.
The story reflects the Chinese philosophy of achieving success through faith, determination and hard work. The Chinese have a strong belief that "Faith can move mountains." and that one must struggle and work hard diligently with great determination to achieve success.
Singapore will not be like what it is today without the great determination and the selfless contributions of Tan Tock Seng, Lim Boon Keng, Nee Soon, Tan Kah Kee, Lee Kong Chian , Tan Lark Sye and many more others. Most of them were not rich when they came to Singapore . But through their wisdom, hardwork and indomitable spirit they had helped to build up Singapore to what it is like today. They are really the pioneers and founding fathers of Singapore and Singaporeans will be forever indebted to them for their great contributions , their generosity and charity to the general society at large.
No modern country had suffered greater humiliation at the hands of the marauding West and Japan than China. For over a hundred years from 1830s to mid 1940s China was attacked , invaded and almost conquered by Western powers and Japan and reduced to a semi-colonial country and to penury.
When Chairman Mao's People's Liberation drove out the hordes of foreign thieves, robbers, scoundrels and plunderers in 1949 , he had before him an extremely poor penurious China , a China like a dilapidated house in absolute shamble. But with the guidance of Chairman Mao and his close comrades in arms in the Chinese Communist Party ( CCP ) and the protection of the People's Liberation Army ( PLA ) China and the Chinese people were undaunted . They struggled and worked hard with indomitable spirit and determination to build up China to what it is like today, a rich and powerful country , a beacon of light and hope to the third world countries who were similarly oppressed and exploited by the Western powers - the whitemen from Europe. The Chinese will never forget that when they were poor and weak they were the laughing joke of the West and Japan who contemptuously disparaged China as "Sick Man of Asia." Now China has rejuvanated and stood up proudly with dignity and self-respect but they still continuously bad mouth about
China and try all ways and means to contain and prevent China's peaceful development.
China has risen like the legendary phoenix from the ashes. China is now sharing her success with the rest of the third world countries by helping them to get out of the shackles of poverty in building their houses, factories, roads and infrastructures like railways and ports and mining. The Chinese believe that when you are successful you must help others to be successful.Thus it is unlike the West , US and Japan who for centuries had exploited third world countries for their own benefit and who will clobber you down when you are successful.
The second legend is called "Jing Wei Tien Hai." It is about a little prinncess - Ni Wo , the youngest daughter of Yan-Di or king Yan-Di. Yan-di was one of the five legendary emperors of ancient China in which the most famous was emperor Sheng Nong. One day poor Ni-Wo was drowned in the Eastern Sea, probably off the Shantung province. It was said after she was drowned her spirit metamophosed or transformed into a legendary bird called "Jing Wei Niow." Jing Wei Niow was like a fairy , a spiritual bird. Jing Wei Niow constantly picked twigs and pebbles especially colourful pebbles to fill up the Eastern Sea to reclaim land from the sea so that others may not have to perish as she did. The story reflects on the dogged determination and persistent perseverance of the Chinese people to struggle and achieve success inspite of tremendous impossible odds.
This is reflected in what China is doing in the South China Sea. Many areas of the Chinese South China Sea are treacherous with out cropping rocks, shallow sand bars and lagoons and invisible shoals. In the past hundreds of ships had been wrecked in the South China Sea. To get rid of this danger China has been reclaiming land from the sea by filling up the treacherous areas with sand and earth. Then the Chinese build houses, farming community and light houses to warn ships of the danger in those areas. This helps ships of all countries to navigate safely from those treacherous areas and from being wrecked. Yet the vicious treacherous West , US and Japan try to put China in a bad light by accusing Chinese good deed for a wrong and fake reason that China is trying to prevent freedom of navigation of free passage for others. China had never stopped freedom of passage in the South China Sea in the past and will not do so now and in future. But it is a different matter when warmongers like US and Japan and the West intent to stir up choas ,trouble and instabilities in the region by sailing their warships close to Chinese shores and Chinese islands. For this China has the right to put a stop to their illegal provocative behaviour.
The Chinese people must never forget about the Old Man who moved the mountain and Jing Wei Tien Hai. They will always motivate and inspire Chinese to struggle hard to achieve success.
Southernglory1
Tuesday, 26th September,2017.
These two legends are selected because they have strong implications of the present hardworking spirit and perseverance of the Chinese people not only in China but also in Sinngapore and throughout the four corners of the earth.
The first legend is "Yu-Kong Yu-San". It is about a foolish old man trying to move the mountain in his village so that he could have more land for cultivation. People laughed at him saying it was impossible for him to move the mountain. However, the old man ignored them and continued to chip at the mountain spade by spade for days and weeks and months and years. People said how could he move the mountain since he was so old. The old man replied that when he died his sons would continue on the job and when his sons died their children and grandchildren would carry on from generation to generation until the mountain is levelled.
The story reflects the Chinese philosophy of achieving success through faith, determination and hard work. The Chinese have a strong belief that "Faith can move mountains." and that one must struggle and work hard diligently with great determination to achieve success.
Singapore will not be like what it is today without the great determination and the selfless contributions of Tan Tock Seng, Lim Boon Keng, Nee Soon, Tan Kah Kee, Lee Kong Chian , Tan Lark Sye and many more others. Most of them were not rich when they came to Singapore . But through their wisdom, hardwork and indomitable spirit they had helped to build up Singapore to what it is like today. They are really the pioneers and founding fathers of Singapore and Singaporeans will be forever indebted to them for their great contributions , their generosity and charity to the general society at large.
No modern country had suffered greater humiliation at the hands of the marauding West and Japan than China. For over a hundred years from 1830s to mid 1940s China was attacked , invaded and almost conquered by Western powers and Japan and reduced to a semi-colonial country and to penury.
When Chairman Mao's People's Liberation drove out the hordes of foreign thieves, robbers, scoundrels and plunderers in 1949 , he had before him an extremely poor penurious China , a China like a dilapidated house in absolute shamble. But with the guidance of Chairman Mao and his close comrades in arms in the Chinese Communist Party ( CCP ) and the protection of the People's Liberation Army ( PLA ) China and the Chinese people were undaunted . They struggled and worked hard with indomitable spirit and determination to build up China to what it is like today, a rich and powerful country , a beacon of light and hope to the third world countries who were similarly oppressed and exploited by the Western powers - the whitemen from Europe. The Chinese will never forget that when they were poor and weak they were the laughing joke of the West and Japan who contemptuously disparaged China as "Sick Man of Asia." Now China has rejuvanated and stood up proudly with dignity and self-respect but they still continuously bad mouth about
China and try all ways and means to contain and prevent China's peaceful development.
China has risen like the legendary phoenix from the ashes. China is now sharing her success with the rest of the third world countries by helping them to get out of the shackles of poverty in building their houses, factories, roads and infrastructures like railways and ports and mining. The Chinese believe that when you are successful you must help others to be successful.Thus it is unlike the West , US and Japan who for centuries had exploited third world countries for their own benefit and who will clobber you down when you are successful.
The second legend is called "Jing Wei Tien Hai." It is about a little prinncess - Ni Wo , the youngest daughter of Yan-Di or king Yan-Di. Yan-di was one of the five legendary emperors of ancient China in which the most famous was emperor Sheng Nong. One day poor Ni-Wo was drowned in the Eastern Sea, probably off the Shantung province. It was said after she was drowned her spirit metamophosed or transformed into a legendary bird called "Jing Wei Niow." Jing Wei Niow was like a fairy , a spiritual bird. Jing Wei Niow constantly picked twigs and pebbles especially colourful pebbles to fill up the Eastern Sea to reclaim land from the sea so that others may not have to perish as she did. The story reflects on the dogged determination and persistent perseverance of the Chinese people to struggle and achieve success inspite of tremendous impossible odds.
This is reflected in what China is doing in the South China Sea. Many areas of the Chinese South China Sea are treacherous with out cropping rocks, shallow sand bars and lagoons and invisible shoals. In the past hundreds of ships had been wrecked in the South China Sea. To get rid of this danger China has been reclaiming land from the sea by filling up the treacherous areas with sand and earth. Then the Chinese build houses, farming community and light houses to warn ships of the danger in those areas. This helps ships of all countries to navigate safely from those treacherous areas and from being wrecked. Yet the vicious treacherous West , US and Japan try to put China in a bad light by accusing Chinese good deed for a wrong and fake reason that China is trying to prevent freedom of navigation of free passage for others. China had never stopped freedom of passage in the South China Sea in the past and will not do so now and in future. But it is a different matter when warmongers like US and Japan and the West intent to stir up choas ,trouble and instabilities in the region by sailing their warships close to Chinese shores and Chinese islands. For this China has the right to put a stop to their illegal provocative behaviour.
The Chinese people must never forget about the Old Man who moved the mountain and Jing Wei Tien Hai. They will always motivate and inspire Chinese to struggle hard to achieve success.
Southernglory1
Tuesday, 26th September,2017.
9/25/2017
The Dark Age of China 1830s - 1905, China Lost Territories , Self-Respect and Dignity
In the years from 1830s to Mid 1940s China and the Chinese people suffered the worst outrage, insult and humiliation at the hands of Western imperialism and Japanese imperialism. It was a Dark Age when China was forced to cede large chunks of Chinese lands to the Western imperialists inclusive of England, France, Germany, Russia and Japan. China was reduced to a semi-colonial country where all the political and financial powers rest in the hands of the hordes of invading imperialists. All the major ports and cities were under imperialists control where they assume full control over customs, excise duties and taxes and thus depriving the Chinese of its revenues and impoverished China.
In the years from 1830s to mid 1940s China was weak because the Ching Dynasty and later the Kuomintang were corrupted to the core and were unable to stand up to foreign aggressions. Many European countries inclusive of England, Russia, France, Germany, Holland and Japan and US took undue advantage to invade China.
Each and every country that invaded China would after their victory in wars against China demanded from China to cede large chunks of territories to them . And on top of that they each forced China to to pay "indemnity " of several hundred million Chinese silver dollars. This indemnity money impoverished China for over a hundred years for China had to pay the extortion every year until the victory of Chairman Mao's Peoples' Republic of China in 1949 , when China stopped the payment.
In the years 1850s to 1860s there was a Chinese revolution - The Taiping Rebellion to get rid of the corrupted Ching Dynasty and to evict all foreigners from Chinese soil, The Taiping Revolution was led by a just as corrupted leader called Hong Siu Chuan.
The European powers , Japan and US saw no advantage in supporting a strong Chinese government where they would stand to lose all the advantages and benefits. Therefore they banded together to help the Ching Dynasty to destroy the Taiping Revolution.
With the corrupted Ching Dynasty back in control the Europeans and Japan were able to rob off big chunks of Chinese territories with impunity from 1850s to 1905. Russia occupied vast tracts of Chinese territories of a few million square miles from Lake Baikal to the Pacific coast including the Sakhalin Island. Russia also carved away large chunks of Chinese land from the western province of Sinkiang. England took away Hong Kong and many of the ports and cities inclusive of Shanghai, Tien-Ching, Ning-po and Amoy. Germany took control of the province of Shang-tung Peninsula and the Japanese took away Liu-Chiu Tao ( renamed by Japan as Okinawa ). In 1905 Japan also invaded Taiwan and some other smaller islands in the East China Sea.
All these stolen lands from China are still in foreign hands awaiting for the day of redemption when China is strong enough to claim back. The Chinese would never take an inch of foreign land but the recovery of all lost Chinese territories is a must.
Southernglory1
Monday, 25th September,2017
In the years from 1830s to mid 1940s China was weak because the Ching Dynasty and later the Kuomintang were corrupted to the core and were unable to stand up to foreign aggressions. Many European countries inclusive of England, Russia, France, Germany, Holland and Japan and US took undue advantage to invade China.
Each and every country that invaded China would after their victory in wars against China demanded from China to cede large chunks of territories to them . And on top of that they each forced China to to pay "indemnity " of several hundred million Chinese silver dollars. This indemnity money impoverished China for over a hundred years for China had to pay the extortion every year until the victory of Chairman Mao's Peoples' Republic of China in 1949 , when China stopped the payment.
In the years 1850s to 1860s there was a Chinese revolution - The Taiping Rebellion to get rid of the corrupted Ching Dynasty and to evict all foreigners from Chinese soil, The Taiping Revolution was led by a just as corrupted leader called Hong Siu Chuan.
The European powers , Japan and US saw no advantage in supporting a strong Chinese government where they would stand to lose all the advantages and benefits. Therefore they banded together to help the Ching Dynasty to destroy the Taiping Revolution.
With the corrupted Ching Dynasty back in control the Europeans and Japan were able to rob off big chunks of Chinese territories with impunity from 1850s to 1905. Russia occupied vast tracts of Chinese territories of a few million square miles from Lake Baikal to the Pacific coast including the Sakhalin Island. Russia also carved away large chunks of Chinese land from the western province of Sinkiang. England took away Hong Kong and many of the ports and cities inclusive of Shanghai, Tien-Ching, Ning-po and Amoy. Germany took control of the province of Shang-tung Peninsula and the Japanese took away Liu-Chiu Tao ( renamed by Japan as Okinawa ). In 1905 Japan also invaded Taiwan and some other smaller islands in the East China Sea.
All these stolen lands from China are still in foreign hands awaiting for the day of redemption when China is strong enough to claim back. The Chinese would never take an inch of foreign land but the recovery of all lost Chinese territories is a must.
Southernglory1
Monday, 25th September,2017
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