China
is building the world’s first super dam on the lower reaches of the
Yarlung Tsangpo river in Tibet near the Line of Actual Control (LAC)
heavily militarized frontier with India. This megaproject, with a
planned capacity of 60 gigawatts, would generate three times as much
electricity as the Three Gorges Dam, currently the world’s largest
hydropower plant.
Based on the 1968 Helsinki Rules and the 1997
UN Convention on Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses, a
lower riparian cannot veto interventions in a river by the upper
riparian.
Originating on the Angsi Glacier near Mount Kailash in
the Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR), the 3,969-kilometer Yarlung Zangbo
flows into India, the lower riparian in this case, as the Brahmaputra.
After the 2017 Doklam border standoff, the Chinese abruptly stopped
communicating water flow levels with the Indians, no longer mindful of
India’s concerns. Indian strategic analyst Brahma Chellaney fretted in
an opinion piece on asia.nikkei July 14 that China can't just keep
building the world's biggest dam in secret, lamenting the mute
international reaction.
The Indians are very worried that China
won't alert downstream India in case of disastrously massive flow rate
during the monsoon season, or may divert the river towards the north to
mitigate water scarcity in some parts of the country. For the latter,
the implication for India would be a horrendous reduction of water flow
to India's northern regions, Indian strategic analyst Basu Sharma has
noted.
Chellaney says grimly that China will in due course be
able to leverage transboundary flows in its relations with rival India,
threatening the South Asian country with far-reaching strategic,
environmental and inter-riparian implications of the largest dam ever
conceived. In other words, India is screwed.
Anonymous